超声测量胎儿四肢长骨及足长与孕龄的相关性研究

Correlation study between fetal limb long bone, foot length and gestational age using ultrasound

目的探讨超声测量胎儿四肢长骨及足长与孕龄相关关系。方法超声测量728例单胎孕龄为14～40周胎儿的四肢长骨及足长的长度并计算股骨与足长比值，确定其正常值。另对56例可疑畸形胎儿进行股骨与足长比值的筛选。结果①胎儿四肢长骨及足长与孕龄呈正相关（其中股骨r=0．991，P〈0．01；胫骨r=0．983，P〈0．01；腓骨r=0．983，P〈0．01；肱骨r=0．980，P〈0．01；尺骨r=0．978，P〈0．01；桡骨r=0．970，P〈0．01；足长r=0．986，P〈0．01）。②胎儿股骨与足长比值与孕龄无明显相关（r=-0．172），但其比值〈0．85可筛选胎儿染色体或骨骼异常。结论胎儿四肢长骨及足长的长度与孕龄呈正相关，超声测量二者可评价胎儿发育情况。

Objective To study the relationship between gestational age and fetal limb long bone, foot length with ultrasound. Methods Total of 728 singleton fetuses with gestation age between 14-40 weeks were examined by ultrasound. The parameters, including the length of limb long bone, foot length, the ratio of femur and foot length were measured. Normal ranges of above parameters were defined based on those measurements. Another 56 doubtful fetus anomalies were screened by the ratio between femur and foot length. Results ①Fetal limb long bone and foot length were both positive correlation with gestational age （femur r=0. 991, P〈0.01 ; tibia r=0. 983, P〈0. 01 ; fibula r=0. 983, P〈0.01 ; humerus r=0. 980, P〈0.01 ; radius r=0. 978, P〈0.01 ; ulna r= 0. 970, P〈0.01 ; foot length r= 0. 986, P〈0.01） ;②The ratio of femur and foot length is not related with gestational age （r=- 0. 172）. Fetuses with chromosomal or skeleton abnormality can be screened by this ratio below 0.85. Conclusion Fetal limb long bone and foot length are both positive correlation with gestational age. Fetal limb long bone and foot length measured by ultrasound may serve as useful reference in evaluating fetal growth.