虚拟现实技术在神经外科术前计划中的应用

Application of virtual reality technique in preoperative planning of neurosurgery

目的探讨虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)技术在神经外科术前计划中的临床应用价值。方法对拟采用手术治疗的颅脑疾病26例,分别采集磁共振成像(MRI)、磁共振动脉成像(MRA)、磁共振静脉成像(MRV),计算机体层摄影(CT)等多种医学影像数据,输入Dextroscope术前计划系统,运用Radiodexter软件在VR环境中进行融合、提取、切割等处理显示为一个三维立体物像。同时运用软件内的三维处理工具对病灶及其局部解剖结构进行观察测量、手术模拟。制定术前计划,并与真正手术中情况进行对照比较。结果26例病例均成功地实现了三维立体虚拟现实影像的重建,术前计划中对于病灶及其局部解剖学特征的判定与术中实际情况吻合。结论Dextroscope系统的虚拟现实技术能快速、直观、全面地整合多种医学影像数据,以提供病灶及其局部解剖结构的综合信息,在神经外科手术前为制定和优化手术方案提供帮助,有可能有助于提高手术的安全性与病灶的全切除率。

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of virtual reality technique in preoperative planning of neurosurgery. Methods Multiple medical imaging data including magnetic resonance imaging, magntic rsonanc angiograph, magnetic resonance venography and computed tomography collected from 26 patients who suffered craniocerebral diseases, were transfered to Dextroscope system. A stereoscopic 3-D object displayed after merging, extracting, dissecting the data with the Radiodexter software in virtual reality environment. A suite of 3-D tools accessible inside the Dextroscope workspace enabled users to obtain measurement and simulated intraoperative viewpoint about the lesion and adjacent anatomic structure. A preoperative plan was defined and compared with real operation. Results 3-D stereoscopic virtual reality images of 26 cases were reconstructed successfully, and of coincidence with real situation in operations. Conclusion VR technique in Dextroscope system can integrat multiple medical imaging data quickly, intuitively and overall, offer a comprehensive information about the lesions and related local anatomy, give a hand to optimizing the operative project and might be possible potentially to increase the safety of operation and the resecting rate of the lesion.