人参二醇组皂苷对实验性2型糖尿病大鼠血糖及血脂代谢的影响

Effects of Panaxadiol Saponins on blood glucose and lipid metabolism in experimental hyperglycemia of type 2 diabetes mellitus rats

目的:观察人参二醇组皂苷(PDS)对大鼠实验性2型糖尿病(T2DM)血糖、血脂代谢的影响及其对胰岛素抵抗的改善作用。方法:将大鼠随机分为正常组、模型对照组、二甲双胍组及PDS 35、70、140 mg.kg-1组,高脂饮食伴小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)55 mg.kg-1建立大鼠实验性2型糖尿病模型。除正常组外,其余各组均治疗性给药4周,每周测空腹血糖1次,4周后检测肝糖原、胰岛素(Ins)、C-肽、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果:与模型组比较,PDS 70、140 mg.kg-1组于第3、4周血糖明显降低(P<0.01),4周后肝糖原含量明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),TC、TG、FFA、TC/HDL-c、LDL-c/HDL-c及MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),SOD活性、C-肽含量及胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),HDL-c、LDL-c及Ins含量变化不明显(P>0.05)。结论:PDS可降低T2DM大鼠的血糖,改善血脂代谢紊乱,提高肝脏及外周组织胰岛素敏感性,改善胰岛素抵抗。

Objective To study the effects of Panaxadiol Saponins （PDS） on glycemia, lipid and the improvement of insulin resistance （IR） in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats （T2DM）. Methods Rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, PDS 35, 70 and 140 mg · kg ^-1 groups and metformin group. Rats were fed by high fat diet for 10 d and injected with small dose of streptozotocin （STZ） 55 mg · kg^- 1. Rats with plasma glucose over 11. 1 mmol · L^- 1 were assigned to T2DM model group, continually fed with PDS 35, 70, 140 mg · kg^-1 ·d ^-1 for 4 weeks and the values of fasting blood glucose （FBG） were assayed every week . Then FBG, Ins, C-peptide, FFA, TC, TG, HDL-c, LDL-c, MDA content and SOD activity were measured after 4 weeks. Results After treated with PDS for 4 weeks, the FBG in PDS 70, 140 mg · kg^-1 and metformin groups decreased significantly compared with normal group from the third week to the forth week （P〈0.01） ; the liver glycogen content was higher than that in model control （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, the levels of TC, TG, FFA, TC/HDL-c, LDL-c/HDL-c and MDA were lower than those in model control （P〈0.05 or P〈0. 01） . SOD activity, C-peptide content and ISI increased significantly （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, while LDL-c, HDL-c changed little （P〈0.05）. Conclusion PDS could decrease the blood glucose, improve the disorder of the serum lipid and insulin sensitivity in T2DM rats.