校雠琐谈

On Collation

作为一种重要的编辑手段,校雠(校勘)活动在传统的文献整理和学术研究中一直占据着主体地位,有关其源流派别、体制要求、原则策略、方法技巧及其因革变化的历史梳理和理论探讨促成了校雠学的确立和发展。本文通过对校雠的义界、源流、方法、手段、类型、目的及其相关史实的甄录与解说,简要阐发了传统校雠学所一贯秉承的去伪存真的精神内涵,并对照当下出版界所出现的某些编校劣习而稍加平质,旨在从校雠学传统内为当代的图书编辑活动寻取一种行之有效的文化资源。从长远看,这种取资不仅有助于矫革陋习,正本清源,同时也可使现代编辑工作渊源有自,取径得法,使现代图书业的发展有章可循,门户转宽。

As an important editing method, collation （or textual criticism） always plays a principal role in traditional literature review and academic study. The historical study of and theoretical discussions on collation in terms of its origins and schools, its mechanisms and requirements, its principles and strategies, its methods and skills, and its evolution and development, have established it as a discipline and facilitated its development. This paper, probing into the reviews and comments on collation in regard to its definitions, origins, methods and approaches, taxonomy, objectives, and relevant historical data, formulates the consistent essence of traditional textual criticism, i. e. , to eliminate the false and retain the true. By comparing it with the present misconducts in the publishing circles, the paper aims to seek a more valuable and effective cultural resource for the field by turning to the heritage of traditional textual criticism. This, in the long run, helps not only to correct bad habits in the publishing circles but also to make editing more reasonable and efficient, thereby providing a more promising future for the industry.