溶胶-凝胶法制备催化剂的研究进展

Advances in preparation of catalysts by sol-gel method

溶胶-凝胶技术越来越广泛应用于催化剂制备过程,介绍了溶胶-凝胶法的机理、分类以及在催化剂制备中的应用与特点,分析归纳了溶胶-凝胶法制备催化剂过程中金属前驱体、水解、干燥方法和焙烧温度等因素对制得高分散、高比表面积和良好孔径的催化剂的影响。在制备催化剂的过程中,要合理调节和控制这些因素,才能制备高分散性、高纯度和高活性的催化剂。最新研究结果表明,用溶胶-凝胶法制得的催化剂组分更分散,改善晶格氧活性,对异丁烷转化率和氧化产物的选择性均有所改善。

Sol-gel method has been more and more comprehensively used in preparations of catalysts. The mechanisms, classification and application of sol-gel method were reviewed, including influences of metal precursors, hydrolysis, drying and calcinations temperature on preparation of catalysts with high dispersion, high surface area and good pore distribution were discussed. It was shown that isopropane oxidation catalyst prepared by sol-gel method had improved active components dispersion and lattice oxygen species, with enhanced isopropane conversion and selectivity to target product.