大气臭氧浓度升高对植物及其昆虫的影响

The effect of elevated ozone concentration on plants and insects

臭氧是最具危害性的空气污染物之一，从19世纪中叶开始，对流层中的臭氧水平增加了35％，在今后50—100年内还将继续升高。臭氧浓度升高对植物生理基本功能、植物体内信号分子以及挥发物都具有不同程度的影响，并严重影响作物的产量。臭氧也通过改变植物的原生代谢和次生代谢发生数量而影响植食性昆虫的取食偏嗜性、行为、生长和发育，进而影响天敌昆虫的适合度。臭氧还通过改变化学信息物质而影响昆虫的行为。根据国内外研究进展，介绍了大气臭氧浓度升高对植物、昆虫的影响，并讨论了目前存在的问题和研究前景。

Ozone is one of the most harmful air pollutants. The concentration of atmospheric ozone has increased since the middle of 19th century and will continue to rise for at least the next 50- 100 years. Elevated ozone concentration affects plant physiology, signalling among plant cells, and production of plant volatiles to different degrees, and threatens crop yields. The preference, hehaviour, growth, and development of insect herbivores are impacted due to the changes in plant primary and secondary metabolism brought about by elevated ozone concentration. Elevated ozone concentration influences insect hehaviours by changing semiochemicals. Consequently interactions between herbivores and the next trophic levels are greatly affected. The effect of elevated ozone concentration on plants and insects is summarized based on domestic and foreign research reports. Methological problems associated with research in this area are discussed and our own perspective on future research is provided.