船舶动力定位海洋环境的建模与仿真

Marine Environment Modeling and Simulation for Dynamic Positioning

在船舶动力定位系统设计中,必须考虑船舶所受到的外界环境干扰的影响。为了有效地量化海洋环境对动力定位船舶的作用,该文提出了海洋环境负载(包括风、海浪和海流)的建模方法,并运用MATLAB的M文件和SIMULINK分别编制了风干扰力和力矩计算和随机海浪的仿真程序,在三级海况下,实现了对海洋环境的仿真,得到了合理的仿真结果。此外,通过改变仿真参数,也可以对其它任何海况进行仿真,使仿真程序具有较好的通用性和灵活性。该海洋环境的建模和仿真方法,对动力定位系统控制策略的选取和软硬件配置的调试有着重要意义,为船舶动力定位的实时模拟奠定了基础。

In the design of a vessel DP system, the environmental disturbances exerted on the vessel must be considered. In order to effectively calculate the forces and force moments acted on the DP vessel by marine environment, the modeling methods for marine environmental loads, which include wind, wave and sea current effects are presented. In addition, M- flies are used in MATLAB and SIMULINK to develop the wind force and moment calculation and stochastic wave simulation programs to realize the simulation for marine environment at the third sea state code. The simulation results are reasonable. Moreover, the simulation programs show good versatility and flexibility by means of changing the simulation parameters to simulate any other sea state codes. The presented marine environment modeling and simulation methods are very important for choosing the control strategy and debugging the software and hardware configuration for DP system, which establishes the foundations for the real - time simulation of dynamic positioning of vessels.