荆楚语言禁忌与俗信文化心理初探

The Language Taboo of Jingchu and the Exploration of the Cultural Psychology of Folk Custom

语言禁忌在荆楚地区无处不在,它与每个人的身体、言行、婚丧嫁娶、生老病死等等都有联系。它是一种生活习俗的反映,也是人们的社会观念、伦理观念、生活观念、审美观念等各种思想文化观念在这一文化区域内的综合反映。它是荆楚地域文化的产物,是社会体系自身的需求所致,同时也受到儒家文化思想的影响。它源于民众对美的追求,源于人们的各种心理欲望。它在俗信文化中所具有的积极意义表现为:对语言的结构和使用产生了一定的影响,丰富了汉语的语汇与表达方式,增强了语言的表现力;它是对语言环境的美化,它使人们不自觉地使用文明用语,从而促进了社会的和谐。对不同地区、不同民族的相互交流而言,它带来一种新的文化意义,是对相异地区与民族文化的补充与丰富。

Language taboo is ubiquitous in the region of Jingchu. It closely relates to almost everything, ineluding human body, words and deeds, marriage and funeral, birth and death, etc. It is the reflection of livelihood habits and customs, and also a synthetic reflection of all kinds of perceptions in this region of culture, such as social, moral, living and aesthetic perceptions. It is the product of the special culture of Jingchu, and is caused by the need of the social custom itself; at the same time, it is influenced by Confucianism. it is originated from the people＇ s seeking of beauty, and kinds of mentally desire of human being. In the culture of folk custom, its positivity is as below： To a certain degree, it influnences the structure and the application of language, enriches the vocabulary and the style of expression of Chinese, and enhances the expressive ability of language; it is embellishment of the language circumstance, making people use civilized words without awareness, and in this way, promoting the harmony of the whole society. To the mutual communications among different region and different races, it brings them a kind of new sense of culture, which is supplement and enriching of the culture among different region and races.