自乳化微乳极压切削液的合成研究

Study on Synthesis Microemulsion as Cutting Fluid

以菜籽油为原料,甲醇和多羟基化合物为酯交换剂,并以硫粉和P2O5作为改性剂,合成一种带有极压元素S、P和N的菜籽油基多羟基脂肪酸(酯)化合物。红外光谱分析证实了该化合物中元素硫、磷、氮以及羟基的存在。试验考察了硫化反应的硫化剂添加量、酯交换反应的交换剂与油的摩尔比以及磷酸酯化反应的R—OH与P2O5的摩尔比对产物结构和性能的影响。合成的目标产物可自乳化制成微乳极压切削液,检测2.5%的微乳极压切削液结果表明:该微乳切削液乳化和防锈性能优良,摩擦学的最大无咬卡载荷(PB)为1260N,表面磨斑直径(W SD)和摩擦因数(μ)的最佳值分别为0.33mm和0.039,达到并超过了资料报导目前以油为润滑介质的国内同类产品的性能指标。

A new type of rap eseed oil base-phosphate compound with extreme pressure element S, P and N is synthesized using rape seed oil as raw material, methanol and multihydroxylate as ester-exchange agent, S and P2O5 as modifier. It is proved that the compound contains element S, P, N and hydroxyl by means of infrared spectrometry. The influence of the addition of element S of vulcanization reaction, the ester-exchange agent/rape seed oil （mol/mol） of ester-exchange reaction and the R-OH/ P2O5 （mol/mol） of phosphate reaction on the composition and performance of product are probed by testing. The outcome of synthesis may be made into microemulsion extreme pressure cutting fluid by means of emulsificationself. After the microemulsion （around2.5%） is prepared, its emulsification and tribological behavior is probed by testing. The results show that the emulsification ability and antirust ability is excellent and the triibological behavior parameter of the cutting liquid is PB：1260N, optimal value of the WSD and lubricating coefficient（μ） is respectively 0.33mm and 0. 039. The tribological behavior of the cutting liquid is better that the same class product with oil as lubrication medium reported recently.