旅游地生态安全评价模型及实证研究——基于生态足迹模型的分析

ECOLOGICAL SECURITY EVALUATION OF TOURISM DESTINATION BASED ON ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT ANALYSES

根据生态足迹模型,构建了旅游地生态安全评价的指标体系和方法,并以人均旅游生态足迹和人均旅游用地承载力的比值I来确定旅游地生态安全的状况。以开封市为研究区域,采用以上指标体系,对2005年开封市旅游生态安全状况进行了评价。研究结果表明:2005年开封市人均生态旅游足迹为0.02361hm2,其中交通足迹最大,占到88.9%;其次是餐饮,为7.72%。人均旅游用地承载力为0.04180hm2,生态安全度为0.56,处于一种一般状态或者说较为安全的状态。通过计算也发现开封市旅游生态安全度在增大,说明旅游活动对生态系统的压力越来越大,因此,关注旅游生态问题应当成为旅游可持续发展的一个关键问题。最后对模型的应用前景和问题进行了讨论。

Assessing ecological security of tourism destination has an important meaning of theories and practice and it is a precondition and foundation to study ecological security. Based on ecological footprint model, the paper designed a series of indexes system to assessing ecologi- cal security and set up a ratio I to make sure the situation of ecological security. Took Kaifeng city as an example, adopted the method of ecological footprint analyses and constructed evaluation method and indexes system. The result showed： Average ecological footprint of every person was 0.02361hm2 in 2005, among transport was 88.9%, next food and drink was 7.72%. Average person tourism land carrying capacity was 0.04180hm^2 and ecological security degree was 0.56 which showed it was in a more safe condition. Compare to tourism environment capacity and synthetically indexes method, the result was more reasonable. Some problems and application foreground were also analyzed.