颞下间隙的横断层解剖及临床意义

Sectional anatomy and clinical significance of the infratemporal space

目的:为颞下间隙疾病的影像诊断提供解剖学资料。方法:成人尸头颈部20例作连续横断面,观察颞下间隙及邻近结构的解剖学关系,利用游标卡尺及求积仪分别测量其长径、横径和面积。结果:颞下间隙的横断面呈不规则形,经颧弓、下颌头、冠突和茎突末端层面的面积分别为:(197.5±1.63)mm2(左)、(204.6±1.77)mm(2右),(617.3±2.03)mm(2左)、(620.1±2.16)mm(2右),(1037.5±3.32)mm(2左)、(1031.5±3.22)mm(2右),(347.8±1.89)mm(2左)、(343.5±1.84)mm(2右),两侧颞下间隙及邻近结构呈对称性,断面长径、横径和面积均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。自茎突至翼突内侧板后缘或翼突外侧板前缘的连线可区分颞下间隙与咽旁间隙,翼外肌、茎突、翼突内侧板和翼突外侧板是CT等影像诊断的重要解剖学标志。结论:颞下间隙的横断层解剖对颞下间隙肿瘤等疾病的影像诊断具有重要临床意义。

Objective： To provide anatomical data for imaging diagnosis of diseases in inffatemporal space. Methods： The head and neck of 20 adult cadavers were selected and cut into cross section successively. Infratemporal space and its adjacent structures were observed and measured its length, width and area with vernier caliper and planimeter. Results： The cross section of the infratemporal space showed irregular shape. At the level of zygomatic arch, head of mandible, coronoid process and the bottom of styloid process, the area of it was about （197.5±1.63） mm^2 （left） and （204.6±1.77） mm^2 （right）, （617.3±2.03） mm^2 （left） and （620.1±2.16） mm^2 （right）, （1037.5±3.32） mm^2 （left） and （1031.5±3.22） mm^2 （right）, （347.8±1.89） mm^2 （left） and （343.5± 1.84） mm^2 （right） respectively. Inffatemporal space and its adjacent structures arranged symmetrically on both sides. There were no significant differences in the length, width and area （P〉0.05）. Infratemporal space and parapharyngeal space were divided by the line from styloid process to medial or lateral pterygoid plate. Lateral pterygoid, styloid process, medial pterygoid plate and lateral pterygoid plate were important anatomical marks for imaging diagnosis. Conclusions： Sectional anatomy of the inffatemporal space has important clinical significance for imaging diagnosis of tumors in the infratemporal space.