人跨损伤合成DNA聚合酶Polη的研究进展

Advances of study on human translesion synthesis DNA polymerase eta

跨损伤合成是细胞内的一种DNA损伤耐受机制,它分为无误性和易误性两种。hPolη是一种跨损伤合成DNA聚合酶。与复制性DNA聚合酶相比,它具有低保真性和低持续合成性;此外,它还具有“超距作用”和反转录活性。hPolη具有介导无误性及易误性跨损伤合成的能力,并且与免疫球蛋白可变区基因的体细胞超突变有关。

Translesion synthesis（TLS） is a mechanism of DNA damage tolerance in cells, which can be divided into two categories：error-free TLS and error-prone TLS. Human polymerase eta（ Pol eta） is one of translesion synthesis DNA polymerases. This protein exhibits lower fidelity and processivity than replicative DNA polymerases. In addition, it possesses ＂action-at-a-distance＂ and reverse transcriptase activity. Human Pol eta has the ability to catalyze error-free TLS and error-prone TSL, and may be involved in somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin variable genes.