适应障碍青少年人格特点与父母教养方式关系研究

Personality traits and parental rearing practices in adolescents with adjustment disorders

目的:探讨适应障碍青少年的人格特点和父母养育方式。方法:采用明尼苏达多项人格问卷(MMPI)和父母养育方式量表(EMBU)分别对60例适应障碍青少年和正常对照进行评估。结果:人格量表中,适应障碍者在疑病量表(Hs)、抑郁量表(D)、癔症量表(Hy)、病态人格(Pd)和神经衰弱量表(Pt)上较正常组显著增高(P<0.05);父母教养方式中,适应障碍者的父亲情感温暖、理解(F1)得分低于正常组;而父亲惩罚严厉(F2)、过分干涉(F3)、拒绝否认(F5)和父亲过度保护(F6),以及母亲过分干涉(M2)、拒绝否认(M3)和惩罚严厉(M4)得分均高于正常组;适应障碍者的父亲惩罚严厉与人格量表中的疑病量表、病态人格量表和躁狂量表(Ma)之间,父亲偏爱被试与社会内向量表(Si)之间,母亲情感温暖、理解与疑病量表之间,母亲惩罚严厉与疑病量表、抑郁量表、躁狂量表及社会内向量表之间的相关达到统计学意义。结论:适应障碍青少年的人格特征存在不健康因子,且与其父母的教养方式密切相关,缺乏情感理解、采用否认、惩罚等教育方式不利于青少年的人格及适应能力的发展。

Objective： To explore the personality and parental rearing practices in adolescents with adjustment disorders. Methods： The personality and parental rearing practices in adolescents with adjustment disorders and the control were assessed with questionaires of MMPI and EMBU. Results： Contrasting with the control, the case group had significantly higher scores of factor Hy, Pd and Pt in MMPI, and lower scores of father＇s factor 1 （F1）, higher scores of father＇s factor 2, 3, 4, 5 （F2, F3, F4, F5, respectively） and mother＇s factor 2, 3, 4, （F2, F3, F4, respectively） in EMBU. There were statistical correlations between factors of MMPI and EMBU. Conclusion： Adolescents with adjustment disorders have unhealthy personality traits. The parental rearing practices of the case group are harmful to the development of personality.