建设恢复力和适应性以对付北极的变化

Building Resilience and Adaptation to Manage Arctic Change

人类行为引起的空前的全球变化挑战着社会支撑我们这颗行星保持自身优点的能力。这就要求对变化进行主动的管理以培养地球的恢复力——维持在变化的情况下对社会很重要的一些属性,和适应性——发展新的社会生态构造以便在新的条件下有效地发挥作用。北极的广大地区仍然完整地保留着原型的生态及社会过程及反馈,这为我们为变化预先做出计划提供了可能是最后一个实验的机会。如果该策略的可行性在北极可以被证实,我们对于变化的动态所得到的进一步的理解就可以实施到那些被人类较大地改变了的地区中。现在执行管理北极变化的政策的条件可能很理想,因为近来的研究提供了极其重要的科学知识,合适的国际机制也已各就各位,而且,如果北极地区的国家选择这样做的话,他们具备实行必要改变的财力。

Unprecedented global changes caused by human actions challenge society's ability to sustain the desirable features of our planet.This requires proactive management of change to foster both resilience (sustaining those attributes that are important to society in the face of change) and adaptation (developing new socioecological configurations that function effectively under new conditions).The Arctic may be one of the last remaining opportunities to plan for change in a spatially extensive region where many of the ancestral ecological and social processes and feedbacks are still intact.If the feasibility of this strategy can be demonstrated in the Arctic,our improved understanding of the dynamics of change can be applied to regions with greater human modification.Conditions may now be ideal to implement policies to manage Arctic change because recent studies provide the essential scientific understanding,appropriate international institutions are in place,and Arctic nations have the wealth to institute necessary changes,if they choose to do so.