试论科学合理性与批判性

On Scientific Rationality and Criticism

科学经常被视为人类合理性的典范,但随着库恩的历史主义的兴起,这一观点受到了颇多挑战。文章分析了逻辑实证论、波普尔、拉卡托斯、库恩、费耶阿本德、劳丹等人的合理性概念,并指出了其中的不足,期望寻找波普尔“批判理性主义”中更为根本的精神,最终将合理性分析为批判性。

Science is considered as the model of human being＇s rationality, but the opinion is challenged after Kuhn Alfred＇s historicism sprang up. We analyze rationality idea of logical and positivism and Popper, Lakatos Imre and P. Feyerabend and Kuhn Alfred and Larry Laudan and so on. At the same time, we indicate the deficiency, and we anticipate searching Pluralistic realism of Popper＇s primary spirit and finally consider the analysis as criticism.