澳大利亚矿山环境治理管理、规范与启示

The Mine Environmental Improvement in Australia and the Apocalypse to Us

澳大利亚的矿山环境管理体制由中央确定立法框架,各州相对有较大权限自己制定执法条例。基本的管理制度有开采计划与开采环境影响评价报告、抵押金制度、年度环境执行报告书、矿山监察员巡回检查制度等。矿山环境治理规划主要探讨了植被恢复、土地复垦、酸性废水处理、其他污染的治理以及矿山环境治理的验收。联系我国矿山地质环境治理实际,笔者认为有以下四个方面的启示和建议:(1)完善矿山环境保护法规体系;(2)加强技术方法的推广;(3)鼓励和引导矿业公司加强环境管理;(4)加强矿山开采环境影响与治理的监管。

In the management system of the Australia's mine environment, the government will make the lawmaking frame and each state has the power to establish their own law. The basic management system includes evaluation report of exploitation plan and environment influence, guaranty money system, annually environment report, mine supervisor censorship etc. The layouts of mine environment management mainly touch upon vegetation recover, soil reclaiming, acidity liquid waste processing and other contamination harness and checking and accepting of the harness result. According to the mine environment management actuality of China, the authors put forward some correlative suggestions, the first one is to perfect mine environmental protection laws system, the second one is to energize the spread of the technique method, the third one is to encourage and lead the mining company to strengthen the environment management, the last one is to strength the control on mine exploitation environment influence and harness.