糖尿病自我管理方法在城乡社区运用的影响因素分析

Analysis On the Influencing Factors About Self-Management Training in Diabetes Between the Community of City and Country

目的探讨糖尿病自我管理方法在城乡社区运用的影响因素,为提高糖尿病自我管理教育效果提供科学依据。方法采用小组集中授课和专业人员随访的方式对教育对象进行2型糖尿病自我管理的教育。在教育前后进行问卷调查及体格检查,在教育中进行知识测试。通过统计学分析评价城乡社区的运用效果,分析影响其效果的因素。结果(1)在城乡社区实施了糖尿病自我管理教育后,自我管理效果好于实施教育前。(2)影响糖尿病自我管理教育效果的因素主要有城乡地区、实施教育、文化程度、自信心、依从性、身体状况、精神状况、年龄等因素。结论开展糖尿病自我管理教育可以提高糖尿病患者的自我管理能力。对年龄稍小的、在农村、文化程度低、战胜疾病自信心差、依从性差、身体及精神状况差的患者开展自我管理教育要加强教育的督导,帮助其提高战胜疾病的自信心、监督其自我管理技能的运用,注重精神鼓励,保持较好的精神及健康状态,以提高糖尿病自我管理的效果,利于糖尿病的控制。

OBJECTIVE To discuss the influencing factors of the self-management training in diabetes between the community of city and country： to provide scientific foundation for improving the education effect of self-management. METHODS By means of study group and visit anytime by doctors, educate the knowledge of Diabetes Ⅱ to the patients, to help the patients master the skills of selfmanagement and improve the ability. Have questionnaires and medical examinations around the time of educating, and to have a test in the process of it. According to the statistics, analyze and evaluate the effect and the related factors of the application in the community of cities and countryside. RESULT （1） The effect of the self-management training in diabetes in community of city and country is improved after education. （2） Factors influencing self-management training in diabetes mainly include city and country communities, implementing education, education level, self- confidence, compliance and physical and psychological state, age etc. CONCLUSION Carrying out self-management in diabetes may better the patients＇ self-management skills.In self-management training, we should strengthen supervision over the patients younger, in the country communities, with lower educational level, lower confidence of defeating the disease, with poor compliance, with poor physical and psychological state, help them buiht confidence of defeating disease, watch over their application of self-management skills ; with emphasis on moral encouragement to keep a better state both physically and psychologically so as to improve the effect and control the development of diabetes.