广东省茂名盆地油页岩的沉积特征及分布规律

Sedimentary Characteristics and Distribution Rule of Oil Shale in Maoming Basin in Guangdong Province

茂名盆地为伸展作用下形成的半地堑式断陷盆地，油页岩发育于古近系油柑窝组和新近系尚村组中。油柑窝组油页岩与煤层伴生，分布在煤层顶部，是最主要的含矿层位，形成于半深湖相沉积环境。茂名金塘含矿区是油页岩富集成矿的中心区带，北西向断裂控制着油柑窝组和尚村组油页岩矿层的埋深、展布以厦成矿过程。由于受到沉积环境和物质来源的影响，油柑窝组油页岩含油率一般为5％～9％，最高可这13％；尚村组油页岩含油率为3．5％～6．5％，平均为4．5％左右。

The Maoming Basin belongs to a half graben like faulting basin of extension regime. The oil shales are found both in the Palaeogene Youganwo Formation and in the Neocene Shangcun Formation. The Youganwo Formation is the main mining horizon where the oil shale lies on the top of coal beds. The sedimentary environment of the oil shale belongs to a moderate deep lake system. The Jintang mine in the Maoming Basin is located in the richest center of the basin. A fault trending northwest controlled the buried depth, distribution and ore-forming process of the oil shale. Affected by the sedimen tary environment and their provenances, the oil yield of the Youganwo Formation is commonly within a range of 5% and 9%, up to 13%; the oil yield of the Shangcun Formation changes in a range of 3.5M and 6.5%, averaged at 4.5%.