酷吏制:是耶?非耶?——解读《史记·酷吏列传》

The cruel government official system:yes or no?——Analysis about Biography of the cruel government official in Shih Chi

《史记.酷吏列传》体现了司马迁强烈的人民性和批判精神,他透过当时的社会现实,看到了酷吏及酷吏制产生的历史根源及时代必然性,并对其作出了较为客观地评价。在肯定酷吏及酷吏制存在的同时,对酷吏所施行的严刑峻法及汉武帝倚重酷吏实行酷吏制统治也进行了严厉批判和无情鞭挞。酷吏及酷吏制让司马迁陷入了深深的矛盾和困惑之中。正是这种无法消解和不能自拔的矛盾心理,才为其作品赋予了异常丰富的思想内涵。

Biography Of the cruel government official in Shih Chi has manifested the intense empathy with people and the eritique spirit of Sima Qian, he penetrated the social reality at that time, saw the historieal root and the time inevitaability of the eruel government offcial and the cruel government offeial system ,and made a more objective appraisal to it. He gave his approval to the existence of them, while executed the draconian laws and Martial emperor of Han dynasty to the cruel government offcial had a high opinion of the cruel government offeial to implement the cruel government official to make the rule to earry on the severe eritique and heartlessly to whip. Both of the cruel government offeial and the cruel government official system made Sima Qian fall into deep contradictory, he was puzzled. But it was preeisely that the contradietory psychology was unable to dispel and release, which also enabled his works to have the exceptionally rich thought and connotation .