采用等距二元矢量水听器直线阵的二维波达方向估计

Direction of Arrival Estimation Using a Uniform Line Array of Two-component Vector Hydrophones

为了减小传统四元矢量水听器阵的尺寸和减少冗余阵元,提出了采用等距二元矢量水听器直线阵的二维波达方向(DOA)估计方法。每个阵元(矢量水听器)由空间共点的一个声压水听器和一个振速水听器构成。其中声压水听器阵可以被划分为2个子阵,它们构成旋转对,旋转因子为包含某一轴方向余弦信息的相位延迟因子。振速水听器阵可以被划分为2个子阵,它与声压水听器阵构成旋转对,旋转因子为另一轴方向余弦。基于旋转子空间不变法(ESPRIT)的思想,采用并行总体最小二乘(TLS)矩阵束方法实现对旋转因子的估计和自动配对,从而实现二维DOA估计。计算机仿真实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。

To reduce the traditional array size of four-component vector hydrophones and redundant components, a new direction of arrival （DOA） estimation method was proposed using a uniform line array of two-component vector hydrophones. Each vector hydrophone is composed of one velocity hydrophone plus another co-located pressure hydrophone. The pressure hydrophone array manifold can be divided into two subarray manifolds, which constitute a rotation pair, and the rotational invariant factors comprise the source＇s direction cosine. The velocity hydrophone array manifold can also be divided into two subarray manifolds, which constitute a rotation pair with the pressure hydrophone array manifold, and the rotational invariant factors comprise the source＇s other direction cosine. Based on ESPRIT, a parallel TLS matrix pencil method is devised to estimate accurately and pair automatically invariant factors, then determine direction of arrival. The Monte-Carlo simulation results verify its efficiency.