船舶在港口水域安全航行的影响因素

Assessment on major elements influencing the safety of navigation in harbor area

船舶航行于港口水域,受到内部与外在众多因素影响.内部因素有船舶操纵性能,甲板视线以及人员的知识与能力,精神状态与团队合作;外部因素有风浪潮流,天气与能见度,以及港口导航标志与船舶交通服务等.操船者为确保船舶安全航行,面对诸多因素影响,何为重要考虑因素是值得探讨的课题.运用层次分析法对各个影响指标的重要性程度进行比较分析,得到了各影响因素在操船者所占权重,作为今后相关研究的参考.

In the course of ship navigating in the harbor area, the ship handler will take account of many influence factors, not only ship internal condition, such as ship maneuver ability, deck view, professional knowledge and task competence, but also the environment of navigation water, such as weather condition, visibility, navigational aids and support system （include VTS and pilotage service）. In this paper, The authors proposed the major influence factors and their weighting from ship handler＇s view by the AHP method; the result is useful for the maritime concerned party to recognize the major influence factor for the safety of navigation in harbor area.