富含三类大分子有机质的废弃食物发酵产氢特性

Biohydrogen production from food wastes composed of carbohydrates,proteins and lipoids by fermentation

以富含大分子碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪的5种废弃食物为发酵底料,采用厌氧活性污泥为接种物,研究了其发酵产氢特性,并利用色谱仪分析了发酵产物的气相和液相组成.结果表明,米饭、马铃薯、青菜、瘦猪肉和肥猪肉发酵生成的H2与CO2的体积比分别为0.77、0.82、0.82、0.93和0.82,H2与CH4的体积比均高于4,有些甚至没有CH4产生.将厌氧活性污泥加热预处理能够有效抑制产甲烷菌,同时又保持产氢菌芽孢的活性.在米饭、马铃薯和肥猪肉发酵生成的脂肪酸中丁酸的体积分数最高;在瘦猪肉发酵液中乙醇的体积分数最高;而在青菜发酵液中乙酸、丙酸和丁酸的体积分数相当.

Biohydrogen production from solid food wastes by anaerobic fermentation of digested activated sludge was studied. Gas chromatography analysis showed that the volumetric ratios of H2 to CO2 in the biogases derived from rice, potato, greengrocery, lean meat and fat were 0.77, 0.82, 0.82, 0.93 and 0.82 respectively. The yield of methane was quite minimal, because the methane-producing bacteria were restrained and the hydrogemproducing bacteria were simultaneously kept when the digested sludge was preheated in the boiling water. The butyric acid concentrations were the highest （0.96%, 0.44% and 0.34% respectively） in the volatile fatty acids in the fermented solutions derived from rice, potato and fat. The ethanol concentration （0.43%） was the highest in the fermented solution derived from lean meat. The acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations were similar in the fermented solution derived from greengrocery.