小区拆建中鼠类控制对鼠种组成和密度的影响

The Effect of Rodent Control on Rodent's Species Composition and Density During the Construction of An'ting Newtown, Shanghai

目的了解在实行鼠类控制的条件下,村庄拆迁和小区建设过程中鼠种组成和数量的变化趋势,为小区拆建鼠类控制策略的制定提供依据。方法用粘鼠板法调查鼠密度,评价拆迁前后鼠种组成和密度的变化。结果小区拆迁前以小家鼠为主,占83.9%(26/31),黑线姬鼠占9.7%(3/31),褐家鼠和臭各占3.2%(1/31)。在新建小区的原址(村庄),灭鼠前的鼠密度为12.2%,灭后密度降为1.9%,其灭鼠效果为84.4%;搬迁后拆前的鼠密度降为1.5%,而拆后鼠密度降为0;经过对工地实施综合治理,尤其是将建筑工人和工地分离约1.5km和对建筑工人实行健康教育,1年后工地的鼠密度仍为0;而对周围的施工工人住所调查捕获鼠均为小家鼠,密度为3.1%。结论拆迁前灭鼠,拆迁过程中实施鼠类综合治理措施,可以显著降低新建小区的鼠密度,鼠的种群结构会发生改变。

Objective The effect of rodent control on the shift of rodent＇ s species composition and density during Anting Newtown construction was evaluated to provide basic information for new uptown rodents control strategy. Methods Glue trap method was used for the survey of rodent species and densities at the building site of Anting Newtown, before and after the villages dismantled. Results Before the villages, which were on the building site, were dismantled, Mus musculus, Apodemus agrarius, Rattus norvegicus, Sorex sp. were the main species, accounted for 83.9% （26/31）, 9.7% （3/31）, 3.2%（1/31） and 3.2% （1/31） respectively, and the rodents density was 12,2%, When 0.005% bromadiolone bait was applied for one month, rodent density was 1.9%, from which 84,4% of rodents control effect： was obtained. When the inhabitants removed the density decreased to 1.5%, On ground of the buildings site, which villages were dismantled, non rodents were captured with glue trap method, During the buildings were constructed, integrated rodents management strategy was applied, especially separating the builders abode from the building site for about 1.5 km and educating builder for pest management, one year later non rodent was captured on the building site, while the rodent density was 3.1% at the other builders abode. Conclusion Using rodentieides before inhabitant remove and housebreaking and then applying integrated rodents management during the construction was approved a significant control strategy to decrease the rodent density and the species composition of rodents structure will be changed consequently.