干旱区内陆河水文循环二元分化生态效应研究——以新疆玛纳斯河为例

Studies on the ecologic result of hydrology two dimension division in arid area:Case studies of Manas River basin in Xingjiang

人类活动对水资源的集约高效利用使绿洲水文循环产生了天然水循环和人工水循环的二元分化,天然、人工水循环的彼此消长,改变了水资源在人工绿洲、天然绿洲及过渡带之间的时空分布和转化条件。以新疆玛纳斯河流域为靶区,根据已有的分布式水文循环模型及水文监测资料统计分析,得出结论:绿洲引水对2 000 m以上的山地暂无影响,但平原区水循环发生了以人工水循环为主导的二元分化。人工绿洲、天然绿洲、过渡带和荒漠间生态统一性出现无序化趋势,造成绿洲生态与荒漠生态出现对抗趋势。

Manas River basin with intensive and efficient exploitation of water resources by human being has transformed the course of water circle and unity of ecologic service from the circle course and circle peculiarity in arid region.Takeing Manas River basin as the target,according to the distribution of hydrologic circle model and hydrologic monitoring statistical data,oasis with the utilization of water resources does not affect the mountain area with the elevation above 2?000?m.However it causes that the man-made oasis has acquired the competitive advantage in recycle circle of plain area.The ecologic entity between the man-made oasis,natural oasis and transition belt,desert belt have the tendency of no-sequence.Such change has resulted in the confront tendency between oasisdesert ecologic system.