产科护士工作压力源和心理健康状况的调查研究

Investigative Study of the Job Stressors and Mental Health of Obstetrical Nurses

目的了解产科护士工作压力、心理健康状况以及二者相互关系,探讨保障产科护士心理健康、提高护理工作绩效的方法和途径。方法采用表格形式,对广州地区7所医院共217个产科护士进行问卷调查。结果产科护士压力源主要表现在工作量、工作时间和护理专业方面。产科护士的焦虑分值(43·85±14·18分)和抑郁分值(54·21±11·27分)均高于常模(P<0·01);焦虑和抑郁的发生率分别为29·49%和66·82%,其发生的原因与护理专业工作、工作量及时间分配、病人护理和管理、人际关系呈正相关(P<0·01),而与工作环境及资源不相关。结论积极采取有效措施减轻产科护士工作压力,有利于保障产科护士的心理健康。

Objective Explore the relationship between work stressors and mental health of obstetrical nurses, and discover the methods to improve nursing management, ensure mental health of nurses and promote nursing performance. Methods Job stressors questionnaire, SAS and SDS were used on 217 obstetrical nurses coming from 7 hospitals in Guangzhou results of investigation were analyzed. Results The high level of job stressors focused on workload, work time and professional issues. The average score of anxiety and depression were 43. 85 ± 14. 18 and 54. 21 ± 11. 27, both higher than the normal level （P〈0. 01 ） . The incident of anxiety was 29. 49% while depression was 66. 82%. Both anxiety and depression were positively correlated with professional work, workload and work time, patients care and management, and relationship with others （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, while irrespective with work environment and resources. Conclusion Release the job stressors of obstetrical nurses should be paid more attention, and more effective measure and support should be given to obstetrical nurses in order to keep mental health of them.