练习太极拳对高血压患者血压及血浆一氧化氮和内皮素的影响

Effect of Tai Chi exercise on blood pressure, plasma nitrogen monoxidum and endothelin in hypertensive patients

目的:观察8周的太极拳锻炼对高血压患者血压及血浆一氧化氮和内皮素的影响。方法:实验于2005-08/10进行。选择有原发性高血压病史一两年的长安大学退休教职工62例,均自愿参加。将62例分层随机分成两组:①太极拳组(n=51):在保持原有服降压药习惯基础上进行为期8周,每周6次,1h/次的锻炼。运动处方包括3个部分:准备活动15min,正式运动30min和整理阶段10～15min,正式运动为习练二十四式太极拳,活动强度保持在最大摄氧量50%～60%。患者在锻炼期间保持原有的生活习惯和饮食习惯。②对照组(n=11),不进行太极拳运动及其他方式的运动,保持原有生活习惯。实验前后测定患者血压、血一氧化氮及内皮素水平。结果:62例患者全部进入结果分析。①血压:太极拳组锻炼后显著低于锻炼前和对照组[舒张压:(82.74±11.97),(93.66±13.72),(94.35±38.90)mmHg,1mmHg=0.133kPa;收缩压:(140.49±23.55),(162.74±26.36),(163.89±67.63)mmHg;P<0.01]。②内皮素:太极拳组锻炼后显著低于锻炼前和对照组[(43.82±10.98),(68.90±22.21),(65.93±27.28)ng/L,P<0.01]。③一氧化氮浓度:太极拳组锻炼后显著高于锻炼前和对照组[(22.35±7.80),(17.72±19.89),(19.68±10.42)mmol/L,P<0.05]。④对照组实验期间各指标无明显变化。结论:太极拳锻炼对高血压患者有较好的降血压作用,同时能降低其血内皮素水平,升高一氧化氮浓度。

AIM： To inquire the effects of doing Tai Chi （Chinese shadow-boxing） for 8 weeks on the blood pressure, plasma nitrogen monoxidum （NO） and endothelin （ET） of patients with hypertension. METHODS： The experiment was conducted from August to October 2005. Totally 62 retired staffs of Chang＇an University suffered from primary hypertension lasted for one or two years＇ were selected. The investigation was on a voluntary participation. The 62 staffs were randomly divided into two groups： ①Tai Chi group （n=51）： They did Tai Chi six times every week 1 hour each time for 8 weeks besides taking the hypotensive drug. The exercise prescription included 3 parts： warning-up stage for 15 minutes, exercise stage for 30 minutes and relaxation stage for 10-15 minutes. In the 30 minutes exercise of 24 posture Tai Chi, the patients should maintain the exercise intensity with maximum of oxygen-intaking at 50% to 60%. Also, they should keep their eating and living habits in the experimental period. ②Control group （n=11）： They did not do any exercises and just maintained their eating and living habits. The blood pressure, NO and ET of the patients were measured before and after experiment. RESULTS： All the 62 patients were involved in the result analysis. ① Blood pressure： The Tai Chi group was obviously lower than the index before exercise and the control group [diastolic pressure： （82.74±11.97）, （93.66± 13.72）, （94.35±38.90） mm Hg（1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）; systolic pressure： （140.49±23.55）, （162.74±26.36）, （163.89±67,63） mm Hg; P 〈 0.01], ② ET： The Tai Chi group was obviously lower than the index before exercise and the control group [（43.82±10.98）, （68.90±22.21）, （65.93±27.28） ng/L, P 〈 0.01]. ③NO level： The Tai Chi group was obviously higher than that before exercise and the control group [（22.35±7.80）, （17.72±19.89）, （19.68±10.42） mmol/L, P 〈 0.05]. ④No obvious change in each index was found in the control group during the experiment. CONCLUSION： Doing Tai Chi can decline the blood pressure and ET level, and raise the NO index of patients with hypertension.