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物体的成因影响人造物分类的特异性 被引量：2

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摘要 以前的研究发现,物体的成因(是否人工制造而成)影响成人和幼儿对物体的命名和分类,但没能说明成因影响物体分类的特异性,即成因的作用发生在概念系统的哪个水平.两个实验用前人研究的物体命名任务的变式,检验了物体的成因对物体概念系统的领域水平(划分“人造物/非人造物”的水平)和基本水平(物体命名的水平)分类的影响.结果显示:(ⅰ)完成自由命名任务时,人工制造条件的成因使物体被更多地分类为人造物领域的范畴,而自然形成条件的成因使物体被更多分入自然物领域;(ⅱ)用迫选任务强行改变基本水平的分类后,领域水平分类的模式保持不变.综合起来,两个实验的结果说明领域水平和基本水平的分类可以分离,而物体的成因对物体分类的影响只发生在物体概念系统的领域水平.此外,被试陈述的分类理由提示,人工制造条件的成因可能导致被试自动推测物体的功能,进而影响物体分类.最后讨论了物体的功能对物体分类的影响,以及新理论代替基于设计的人造物分类理论的可能性.
作者 孙宇浩 王哲 傅小兰
机构地区 中国科学院心理研究所脑与认知国家重点实验室 浙江理工大学心理学系
出处 《科学通报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第22期2648-2656,共9页 Chinese Science Bulletin
基金 国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号2006CB303101) 国家自然科学基金重点项目(批准号60433030)资助.
关键词 分类 人造物 设计 成因 功能
分类号 Q-0 [生物学]
  • 相关文献

参考文献37

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共引文献3

同被引文献27

  • 1SUN Yuhao,WANG Zhe,FU Xiaolan.The specific contribution of object's origin on artifacts categorization[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2006,51(23):2851-2859. 被引量：3
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科学通报
2006年 第22期

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