西南岩溶区水资源安全与对策

Water Resources Secirity in Karst Area of Southwest China:Problems and Counterm Easures

特殊的环境地质结构,导致西南岩溶区水资源安全长期受到威胁,包括季节性的水资源短缺、频繁交替的洪灾与旱灾以及水污染。本文在分析西南岩溶区水资源安全影响因素的基础上,提出了西南岩溶区水资源安全评价的四个方面的内容水量安全评价、水质安全评价、水资源利用安全评价以及水灾害防治安全评价,并阐明了西南岩溶区水资源安全的主要保障措施,包括建立水资源安全预警系统、经济转型、保护性开发地下水源、优化水资源分配、加快生态环境建设等。

Water resources security has been threatened by some factors, such as seasonal water shortage, frequently alternant waterlog and drought, and water pollution in karst area of southwest China because of particular environmental geology. Four parts of water resources security assessment are discussed in the paper, namely water quantity security assessment, water quality security assessment, water resources utilization security assessment, and water disaster security assessment. Finally. the countermeasures guaranteeing the security of karst water resources are clarified, including building water resources warning system, combined security assessment and management information system, economy revolution, protecting exploitation groundwater, optimizing water resources distribution, and accelerating ecosystem building, etc.