基因芯片与血清学方法用于120份供、受者HLA-A分型的比较

Comparative study of HLA-A antigen typing by DNA chip and serology in 120 donor-recipients

目的比较基因芯片和血清学方法用于汉族的移植供、受者白细胞抗原Ⅰ类A抗原(HLA-A)分型的准确性和临床实用性。方法采集供、受者的外周血共120份,再将每份血样分为2部分,分别采用血清学和基因芯片方法检测HLA-A抗原分型,对两种方法分型结果不同的样本,采用序列特异引物聚合酶链反应技术(PCR-SSP)检验。通过比较分型结果和操作方法,评价两种方法的准确性和临床实用性。结果血清学分型总耗时3 h,基因芯片分型总耗时4．5-5 h,共有112份样本分型成功,其中两种方法结果一致的有91份,不一致的有21份。经验证,基因芯片分型错误2份,总误差率为2％;血清学分型错误19份,其中5份抗原误差,14份空白误差,总误差率为17％。结论基因芯片分型准确性明显优于血清学,随着芯片性能的不断完善,将来可能完全取代血清学方法,并具有广阔的应用前景。

Objective To evaluate the accuracy and clinical practicality of DNA chip in comparison with serology in typing of human leukocyte antigen A （HLA-A） in Han＇s individuals of donor-recipients of transplantation. Methods 120 peripheral blood samples were obtained from donor-recipients of transplantation. Each sample was divided into two parts and HLA-A antigens were identified by DNA chip in one part and by serology in another. Samples in which the HLA-A typing results by these 2 methods were discordant were verified by polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers （PCR-SSP）. Accuracy and clinical practicability of both methods were compared according to the typing results. Results Serological typing for HLA A took 3 h, while DNA chip typing 4.5-5 h. 112 samples have been typed successfully. Typing results were same in 91 samples and discordant in 21 cases. The verified results showed that DNA chip made 2 incorrect typing and the error rate was 2 %. Meanwhile, serology made 19 mistakes, consisting of 5 antigens being incorrectly interpreted and 14 ＂blanks＂ turning out to be definable alleles. The discrepancy rate was 17 %. Conclusions DNA chip typing for HLA-A is suitable for clinical application in Chinese Han＇s population with a greater precision than serology. It may replace the serology in future after being improved and perfected.