先进复合材料基体树脂的增韧研究

Study on toughening of matrix resins for advanced composite

通过4种聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)PID、PIM、PIP和PIB改性3种热固性树脂(环氧、氰酸酯以及双马来酰亚胺树脂)的研究,讨论了PEI结构、用量、分子质量以及固化剂用量等因素对改性体系的相结构以及力学性能的影响,结果表明控制相结构是增韧基体树脂的关键因素,对基体树脂增韧的研究有指导意义。对不同的热固性树脂体系需采用不同的结构、配方和固化工艺。PIP改性环氧体系呈现的双连续相结构,PEI改性双马来酰亚胺体系,PEI质量分数为5%时呈现了PIM分散粒子相结构,PEI质量分数为10%时呈现了双连续相结构而PEI质量分数大于15%时呈现了相反转结构,PIP分子质量为18 000或20 000时呈现了双连续相结构,而对于PIP改性氰酸酯体系高PIP分子质量较低的呈现双连续相结构,该体系在120℃固化6 h呈现相反转结构,而150℃或180℃固化形成双连续相结构,双连续相结构增韧效果明显。

Modifications of three thermosets （epoxy resins, cyanate ester and bismaleimide resins） with 4 kinds of polyetherimide （PEI）： PID, PIM, PIP and PIB were studied, effects of the structure, content and molecular weight of PEI and curing temperature on the performance of the modification systems were discussed in terms of morphology and mechanical properties. It could be concluded that controlling the phase structure was the key factor to obtain high performance matrix resins of advanced composite. For the different kind of thermosetting resin, the structure, content molecular weigh of PEI and its curing temperature should be different, TGDDM/PIM syetem showed double continuous phase structure. For the PEI modified bismaleimide, when content of PEI was 5%, it showed that the PIM particle was dispersed in BMI; when content of PEI was 10%, it showed double continuous phase structure and when content of PEI was more than 15%, it showed phase inverst structare. For the PIP modified epoxy resin system, when molecular weight Mn^- of phenyl terminal PIP was 20 000 and when Mn^- of amino terminal PIP was 18 000, it showed phase inverst structure and when Mn^- of phynyl terminal PIP was 15 000 it showed double continuous phase structure. Fore the PIP modified cyanate ester, when the Mn^- of PIP was lower, it showed double continuous phase structure, when curing temperature was 120 ℃ it showed phase inverst structure and when curing temperature was 150 ℃ and 180 ℃, it showed double continuous phase and the toughening effect was obvious meanwhile.