论高放废物地质处置库围岩

On the host rock for the geological repositories of high level radioactive waste

介绍了各国高放废物处置库的围岩类型,讨论了花岗岩、黏土岩、塑性黏土、凝灰岩和岩盐的基本特征及其工程特性。综合对比了各类围岩的有利条件和不足。研究表明,以花岗岩和黏土岩为围岩的处置库均能满足长期安全要求。针对中国花岗岩、黏土岩、凝灰岩、岩盐和黄土的分布特点,提出中国宜选择花岗岩为主攻方向,同时也可探讨选择产状平缓、厚度稳定的黏土岩的可行性。

This paper introduces the host rock types for geological repositories of high level radioactive waste. The basic characteristics and engineering behaviors of granite, claystone, plastic clay, tuff and rock salt are also discussed. After presenting the advantages and the weakness of those rock types, comprehensive studies have shown that the geological repositories hosted by granite and claystone are able to meet the long-term safety requirements. According to the distribution of granite, claystone, tuff, rock salt and loess in China, it is proposed that granite is the proper host rock type for China＇s geological repositories and it should be considered as the main host rock. However, the possibility of clay formation with large thickness and gentle dipping angles as host rock is also discussed.