长白落叶松水曲柳混交林增产机理的研究(Ⅱ)——落叶松水曲柳混交林生理特性的研究

STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF PRODUCTION INCREASING OF MIXED LARIX OLGENSIS HENRY AND FRAXINUS MANDSHURICA STAND (Ⅱ)—STUDY ON PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MIXED L.OLGENSIS HENRY AND F.MANDSHURICA STAND

研究了长白落叶松、水曲柳混交林(简称混交林)及纯林中长白落叶松(简称落叶松)的净光合速率、呼吸速率和蒸腾速率及其日进程、叶绿素,有机物和矿质元素的含量等。结果表明、混交林中落叶松树冠东、南、西、北四个方向的平均净光合速率和呼吸速率都太子落叶松纯林,在一天中的不同时刻观测值也是如此。混交林中落叶松的呼吸效率(净光合速率/呼吸速率)大于落叶松纯林,前者是2.11,后者是1.59,说明混交林中落叶松的高呼吸速率对其代谢及生长是有利的。混交林宁落叶松的蒸腾速率低于落叶松纯林,水分利用率却高于落叶松纯林。混交林中落叶松的叶绿素含量高,a/b 比低,这与其净光合速率高相关。混交林中落叶松的蛋白质及 N、K、Ca、Mg、Zn 含量高于落叶松纯林。提出了混交林生态环境的改善促进了树木的生理过程,最终导致生长加快的增产机制。

Water content,temperature,pH,and total contents of different mineral elements of soil,light intensity and temperature of different directions of crown, and humidity under crown were studied comparatively in mixed larch—ash stand,and pure larch and ash stand.The results indicate that soil conditions are different at different kind of stands;soil conditions of different soil layers of the same stand are different either.Water content,temperature,and pH of soil are higher in mixed larch—ash stand than those in pure stands;and in each kind of stands they decreased with the increase of soil depth.Compared with those in pure stands,N,P contents of soil are higher in mixed stand,but Cu,Zn,Mn, Ca,Mg,Fe,K contents are lower in mixed stand.Ecological conditions above soil in different kind of stands are different either.Compared with pure larch stand,mixed stand improved ecological conditions,decreased temperature,and increased humidity,which are advantageous to larch growth exactly.The mechanism of production increasing of mixed larch—ash stand has something to do with its improvement on ecological conditions.