蝙蝠携带狂犬病毒及禽流感病毒的实验室检测

Laboratory detection of rabies virus and the avian influenza virus in bats

目的调查了解广州及周边地区蝙蝠携带狂犬病毒和禽流感病毒的情况，分析蝙蝠与人类相关疾病的关系。方法2004年9月～2005年11月，在广州市及广州市野生动物市场收集来自广州及周边地区的分属2个亚目7个种的蝙蝠共794只：犬蝠（Cynopterus sphinx）330只、普氏蹄蝠（Hipposideros pratti）7只、棕果蝠（Rousettus leschenauh）154只、普通长翼蝠（Miniopterus schreibersi）5只、小黄蝠（Scotophilus kuhlii）52只、中菊头蝠（Rhinolophus affinis）209只及小菊头蝠（Rhinolophus pusillus）37只。收集的蝙蝠分别取得标本；咽拭713份、血清452份、脑组织742份、肺组织742份及直肠组织742份共计3391份，进行RT-PCR和细胞分离培养、检测狂犬病毒（RV）与禽流感病毒（AIV）。结果收集的蝙蝠标本均未检测、分离到狂犬病毒和禽流感病毒。结论广州及周边地区的7种蝙蝠可能未携带狂犬病毒和禽流感病毒。

Objective To detect the Rabies virus（RV） and the avian influenza virus（AIV） from bats in Guangzhou and the surrounding areas, and study the probably relation between the bats and the human diseases. Methods 3391 samples（713 Respiratory swab, 452 serum, 742 brain tissues, 742 lung tissues and 742 colorectal） had been obtained from 794 bats in the Guangzhou wild animal markets, Guangzhou and the surrounding areas from September 2004 to November 2005. These bats （ Cynopterus sphinx330, Hipposideros pratti 7, Rousettus leschenault 154, Miniopterus schreibersi 5, Scotophilus kuhlii 52, Rhinolophus affinis 209 and Rhinolophus pusillus 37）were belong to seven species of two suborder Chiroptera. The RV and AIV were detected in all these samples by using RT - PCR and cell isolation culture methods. Results No RV or AIV was detected in these samples. Conclusion The RV and AIV may be not existed in these seven investigated species bats in Guangzhou and the surrounding areas.