植物液泡硝态氮累积的营养和生理学意义

Nutritional and Physiological Significance of Nitrate Accumulation in Plant Vacuolar

液泡是一个多功能而又复杂的细胞器。成熟植物茎叶的液泡占细胞体积的90％左右。细胞中的NO3^--N有58％-99％存在于液泡中。因此，液泡被称为NO3^--N的贮存库。研究植物细胞液泡的NO3^--N累积引起了人们的重视，但是由于液泡中NO3^--N测定技术的困难，这方而的研究目前并不很多。木文结合国内外相关研究结果，从以下几方面分析了NO3^--N在液泡的累积：①植物液泡中NO3^--N的累积数量；②NO3^--N在细胞质与液泡间的转运；③液泡累积NO3^--N的营养学意义；④液泡NO3^--N累积的生理作用；⑤有关液泡中NO3^--N累积研究的展望。

Vacuole is a multifunctional and complex organelle in plant cell, which occupies about 90% of total volume of stem and blade cells of mature plants. Nitrate in vacuole accounts for almost 58% - 99% of total of plant cell, thus, vacuole is considered as a nitrate storage pool, and more and more attentions have been paid to nitrate accumulation in plant vacuole. However, information in this field is still lack and insufficient due to difficulties in measuring nitrate in plant vacuole. Based on relevant work conducted in recent years, nitrate accumulation in plant vacuolar was discussed in this paper, which including： ① Amount of nitrate accumulated in plant vacuole; ② Mechanism of nitrate transportation between cytoplasm and vacuole in plant cell; ③Nutritive significance of nitrate accumulation in vacuolar; ④Physiological functions of nitrate accumulated in vacuolar; ⑤Issues that need further research on vacuolar nitrate accumulation.