深圳龙岗区2000-2005年有机溶剂职业性危害事故调查分析

THE ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL ORGANIC SOLVENTS POISONING CASES IN LONGGANG DISTRICT OF SHENZHEN CITY FORM 2000 TO 2005

目的：了解分析深圳市龙岗区2000～2005年间共发生的25起有机溶剂职业性危害事故.方法：按职业病诊断标准对收集的25起有机溶剂职业性损害资料进行分析.按照GB/T4754-94《国民经济行业分类和代码》大类划分行业,职业损害原因划分按卫生部卫统19表中的规定.结果：25起事故中,损害38人,死亡6人,死亡率15.79%.三氯乙烯15起,列首位（60.00%）;患者16人,死亡4人,死亡率高达25.00%,占全区有机溶剂死亡人数构成比的首位（66.67%）.结论：三氯乙烯是引起我区有机溶剂中毒的主要毒物;造成事故原因主要为密闭通风排毒措施不佳,个人防护较差,职工缺乏安全防护知识所致.

Objective： To analysis the 25 occupational organic solvents poisoning cases from 2000 to 2005 and provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling occupational organic solvents poisoning disease in Longgang district, Methods： All occupational poisoning case was diagnosed, the disease categories , treatment and reason were all analysed.Results： In 25 occupational organic solvents poisoning cases, 38 occupational organic solvents poisoning patients and 6 of them died, with fatality rate was 15.79%. Especially trichloroethylene （15 cases）, which is the first factor of the occupational- disease- inductive - accidents in Longgang district. There were 16 patients and 4 of them died of that, the death rate was 25.00%. It＇s the most important factor （66.67%） of death caused by occupational organic solvents poisoning. Conclusion： The main factors of occupational organic solvents poisoning were trichloroethylene and chronic n- hexane. The main reasons of occupational organic solvents were not good airtight ventilation system , failing to provide the individual - used occupational - disease- prevention tools which meet the state standard and requirement of occupational health and laborers do not gain the necessary occupational health knowledge.