吸附状态下钉螺起动流速的试验研究

Experimental Investigation of Threshold Velocity for Oncomelania Sticking to the Boundary of Channel

为防止钉螺随河渠水系扩散，必须研究动水中钉螺运动规律，通过试验研究测试了钉螺吸附在水槽底和边壁上时的起动流速；应用河流动力学和生物力学理论推导了吸附状态下钉螺起动流速公式；研究分析了影响钉螺起动流速的各种因素。结果表明，由于钉螺具有较强的吸附能力，它在开厣吸附状态下的起动流速要远大于它在闭厣无吸附状态下的起动流速，但由于钉螺生物特性个体差异较大，吸附状态下钉螺的起动流速有一个较大的变化范围。

To probe into the motion laws of Oncomelania in channel flows, the paper investigates the threshold velocity of Oncomelania sticking to the boundary of channel by means of experimentals in flume; two formule for the threshold velocity are derived based on the theories of river mechanics and biomechanics and the elements which effect on the threshold velocity have been analyzed. The results show that, because of the eminent biological adsorptive power, the treshold velocities for Oncomelania with open operculum and sticking to the boundary of channel are statistically much great than that for Oncomelania with close operculum and just lying on the channel bed, however, the theshold velocities scatter whthin wide limits.