特异粳稻种质的ISSR遗传多样性分析

ISSR Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Specific Japonica Rice Varieties

利用中国粳稻种质滇粳优2号（B90）和日本粳稻冷香粳（X1）筛选100条ISSR引物。利用筛选出的10条引物对来自中国、日本等国家的40份特异粳稻进行遗传多样性分析。PCR扩增结果表明，10条ISSR引物在40份材料中共扩增出2600条DNA带，其中多态性位点有42个．平均每条引物可以检测到4．2个多态性位点。聚类结果表明，各供试材料聚为3大类，遗传相似性系数范围为0．62～1．00。相同居群的中国特异粳稻种质基本能聚为一类，但是与部分日本粳稻交叉聚在一起。这表明：粳稻种质的遗传差异与气候变化类型的相关性不紧密；ISSR标记可以作为种质资源分类和保护的有效手段。并对中国特异粳稻种质的保护进行讨论。

Total of 100 inter-simple sequence repeats （ISSR） primers were scanned from the material of Chinese specific Japonica rice （ Oryza sativa） B90 and X1. Of the 100 ISSR primers, 10 ISSR primers were selected to do the genetic diversity analysis of 40 specific Japonica rice mainly from Sichuan and Yunnan of China, Japan and other countries. The result of PCR amplification showed that 2 600 DNA sextants were obtained in the tested materials, of which, 42 were polymorphic .bands and the average number of polymorphism bands per ISSR primer was 4.2. Cluster analysis showed that all materials used in this study could be classified into 3 groups. Genetic similarities coefficient among 40 materials accessions ranged from 0.62 to 1.00. Almost all materials collected from the closed regions could be clustered together. However, the accessions from Japan were mixed with different groups by cluster analysis. All result iudicated that （1） the relationship between genetic variation of the germplasms and their grown climate type were not so close. （2） The ISSR markers could be used as a useful tool for measuring or pmtecting gennplasm resources. Additionally, the pmteetion of gennplasm of Chinese specific Japonica rice were discussed in this paper.