三亚红沙港环境质量评价

Evaluation of Environment Quality of Hongsha Bay in Sanya

根据2005～2006年三亚红沙港海域春、夏、秋3个航次的调查资料，对该海域的环境质量作出评价。结果表明，红沙港无机氮普遍超过2类水质标准，47％超3类水质标准，33.3％超4类水质标准，特别是夏季大部分属4类水质，整个港湾无机氨污染严重；活性磷酸盐一般符合2类海水水质标准，部分超2类水质标准，13．3％超4类水质标准；pH、D0尚属正常，COD基本符合2类水质标准，但铁含量偏高；叶绿素a含量虽尚属正常，但夏季偏高；平均营养状态指数（E值）在3.66～4．33，呈重富营养化；有机污染状况除湾口轻度污染外，其余测站均在中度污染以上，全年有53.3％站住处于严重污染。研究指出红沙港海水养殖自身污染、生活污水的排放及入湾径流是造成该水域富营养化的主要原因。认为目前红沙港水质已不能满足该海域功能区划提出的要求，需进行综合整治。

Based on the investigation data obtained in spring, summer and autumn from 2005 to 2006, the environment quality of Hongsha Bay in Sanya was analyzed and evaluated. The results indicated that the concentration of inorganic nitrogen in almost 100% stations in three seasons was inferior to the Grade Ⅱof sea water quality standard, 47% of which stations was inferior to the Grade Ⅲ of sea water quality standard and 33.3% stations was poorer than Grade Ⅳ of sea water quality standard. Especially, the contamination of inorganic nitrogen was heavy in summer in the whole Bay and was attributed to the Grade Ⅳ of sea water quality standard. However, the concentration of nctive phosphate in most of investigated stations was belonged to the Grade Ⅱ of sea water quality standard, while 13.3% of the stations was poorer than the Grade Ⅳ of sea water quality standard. The average nutritive index in each season was 3.56-4.33, presenting a heavy level of eutrophication. The majority of organic contamination was over medium, whereas 53.3% of the stations was heavy. The investigation also indicated that the discharge of industrial and agricultural waste water and the drainage of domestic sewage along the bay as well as the unorder and excessive development of mariculture was the main factors resuhing in eutrophication in the Hongsha Bay. It was necessary to control sewage draining and put more stress on protection of marine environment.