西双版纳傣族传统饮料植物利用的研究

Traditional Beverage Plants Used by Dai Villagers in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan,China

利用民族植物学与人类学相结合的方法,对西双版纳州曼伞、曼安两个傣族村寨利用传统饮料植物的情况进行了调查。结果显示,两个村寨利用的传统饮料植物有114种,隶属43科、93属,其中65.8%的种具有药用价值。两村寨利用传统饮料植物的种类及物种数有较大不同,而村民传统饮料植物知识在性别间无明显差异。ANOVA分析表明,传统饮料植物平均被提及的物种数在村寨、性别间无明显差异,但在不同年龄组间有显著差异,即随着年龄减小,访谈中人均提及的物种数呈下降趋势,这种趋势在交通较为便利的曼安寨更为明显,表明环境变化和外来文化等对植物传统利用知识的传承有很大影响。

One hundred and fourteen #ant spemies which belonging to 43 famihes and 93 genera were recorded in this study. All these species were used as traditional beverage plants by Dai people in two Dai villages （ Man＇ an and Mansan） of xishuangbanna and 65.8% of the plants may hold medicinal functions. The results indicated that the species and the number of species were quite different between the two villages, and the difference between genders was not significant. However, the results of ANOVA showed that there was not significant difference between the average number of plant spe- cies mentioned in the villages and among genders, and the mean number of plant species mentioned in young group was significantly lower than that in old group, especially in Man＇ an village where transportation is much convenient. The study suggested that the indigenous knowledge was on the way of loss with the influence of exotic culture.