黄河源区“黑土滩”退化草地群落类型多样性及其群落结构研究

Studies on communities diversity and their structure of "black-soil-land" degraded grassland in the headwater of Yellow River

调查了黄河源区高寒草甸极度退化产物“黑土滩”植被群落类型多样性及其群落结构特征。结果表明,分布在黄河源区高寒草甸上的“黑土滩”草地植被可分为7个类型,分别为:黄帚橐吾+铁棒棰群落、白苞筋骨草群落、铁棒棰群落、西伯利亚蓼+鹅绒委陵菜群落、摩苓草群落、甘青微孔草群落和甘肃马先蒿群落。从群落结构和已有的研究结果看,黄河源区所有类型的“黑土滩”草地都完全失去了牧用价值,短期内自然恢复的物质基础也已丧失,该类草地的恢复治理必须通过人工植被的重建来实现。

In this paper, the community structure feature of ＂Black Soil land＂ degraded grassland in al- pine meadow of the Yellow River source region are investigated, and the conclusion can be drawn that there are seven vegetable types of ＂Black Soil land＂ degraded grassland： Ligularia virgaurea ＋Aconiturn pendulum community, Pol ygonurn sibiricurn ＋ Potentilla anserina community, Arternisia f ri gida ＋Ajuga lupulina community, Microula pseudotrichocarpa community,Pedicularis kansuensis community,Morina chinensis community and Aconiturn pendulum community. The degraded grassland has lost it＇s pasturing value and the physical base restored naturally in short period, so replanting artificial grassland is a effective way to restore the degraded grassland.