ICU内嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染的高危因素和临床分析

Risk factors of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in ICU

目的研究重症监护病房(ICu)中嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染的临床、药敏和细菌学特点。方法回顾性分析ICU中112例院内嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染病例。结果嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌具有多重耐药的特性,对亚胺培南100%耐药,对复方磺胺甲噁唑、环丙沙星敏感性较高,侵入性操作、高龄、长期住院、广谱抗生素的长期使用是主要的高危因素。结论减少侵入性操作和广谱抗生素的长期使用,根据药敏选择抗生素,能减少嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染的发生。

Objective To study the distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility, clinical and bacteriological characteristics of stenotrophomonas mahophilia infection. Methods 112 cases in ICU infected with stenotrophomonas maltophilia were analyzed retrospectively. Result The bacterium was resistant to most antibiotics, the resistant rate of imipenem was 100%. The sensitive rate of stenotrophomonas mahophilia to trimcthoprim/sulfamethoxazole was the highest about 65% , followed by ciprofloxacin 55.3%. Invasive operation, the elderly, hospitalization clays and the abuse of broad - spectrum antibiotics were risk factors of infection with stenotrophomonas maltophilla. Conclusion The patients in ICU should be avoided the abuse of broad - spectrum antibiotics for a long time and invasive operation. Bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility test must be carried out promptly. That can reduce the incidence of stenotrophomonas mahophilia infection.