氧化铝碳热还原氯化法制金属铝的热力学

Thermodynamic of the Process of Producing Aluminum by Carbothermic Reduction-chlorination from Alumina

对氧化铝碳热还原氯化法炼铝的过程进行了热力学研究,该过程分两步,首先,得到一氯化铝,其次,一氯化铝分解得到金属铝。经过热力学计算得到:在常压下,生成一氯化铝的反应发生的起始温度为2 121.21 K,一氯化铝分解得到金属铝的起始温度为1 683.31 K,而当系统压力下降时,上述两步反应的起始温度都会下降;经过计算还得到了上述两步反应的起始温度与系统压力间的关系,也得到了不同系统压力下反应吉布斯自由能与系统温度间的关系。

The thermodynamic of the process of producing aluminum by carbothemic reduction chlorination from alumina has been carried out. The whole process is divided into two steps, firstly, aluminum subehloride （AlCl） was produced from the reaction which took place among alumina, carbon and aluminum triehloride （AlCl3） , secondly, AlCl disproportionate into aluminum and AlCl3. After thermodynamic calculation, we know that under normal pressure, the initial temperature of the first step is 2 121.21 K, and the initial temperature of the second step is 1 683.31 K, but when the system pressure drops, the initial temperature of the two steps will drop. After thermodynamic calculation, the relationship between system pressure and the initial temperature of the two steps has been obtained, and the relationship between system temperature and the Gibbs free energy of the reaction under different system pressures has also been obtained.