植物提取物对黄瓜炭疽病菌的抑制作用

The Inhibition of Plant Extracts Against Colletotrichum lagenarium

目的寻找新型的植物源杀菌剂,对黄瓜炭疽病的有效防治具有重要的理论意义。方法选用34种植物的80%乙醇提取物(储藏期为6个月),采用生长速率法和水洋菜平板表面萌发法,测试其对黄瓜炭疽病菌(Colletotrichumlagenarium)的抑制作用。结果供试提取物在质量浓度为0.01g/ml条件下,甘草、枸杞、金钱草等11种植物的80%乙醇提取物对黄瓜炭疽病菌分生孢子萌发的抑制率大于60%,其中甘草的抑制作用最强,达99.6%;12种提取物对黄瓜炭疽病菌菌丝生长的抑制率大于50%;15种提取物对黄瓜炭疽病菌附着胞形成抑制率达50%。结论大部分植物提取物对测试病菌具有一定程度的抑制作用,只有极少数提取物对病菌的菌丝生长、分生孢子萌发、附着胞形成等不同的发育阶段均表现出强烈的抑菌效果,与对照达极显著差异。

[OBJECTIVE]The new plant fungicide will benefit the effective control of the disease caused by Colletotrichum lagenarium. [METHOD]Thirty four species of 80% ethanol plant extracts （PE） stored for six months were tested against C. lagenarium by using growth rate and WA flat germination. [RESULTS]The inhibitory rate of 11 PE against conidium germination of C. lagenarium was higher 60% （for example, Glycyrrhiza yralensis, Lycium barberum and Desmodium styracifolium） as the concentration 0.01g/ml. Especially, the G. yralensis showed the strongest inhibitory effect on it with inhibitory rate of 99.6%. The inhibitory rate of 12 PE against mycelium growth and 15 PE against appressorium formation of C. lagenarium was higher 50%, respectively. [CONCLUSION] The most PE showed inhibition to C. lagenarium. On the control, only several PE had obviously inhibitory effect on the conidium germination, mycelium growth and appressorium formation at the same time.