行政处罚中罚款数额的设定方式——以上海市地方性法规为例

The Way of Formulation to Forfeit Amount in the Administrative Punishment

行政处罚中罚款规制的可行有效在很大程度上取决于罚款数额设定方式的恰当选择和科学组合。每种设定方式各具优劣,而单独或组合使用这些方式既可能出现优势互补,也可能导致缺陷放大。从对上海市地方性法规罚款数额设定方式的实证研究来看,我国今后相关立法需要在准确评估各种设定方式优劣的基础上,注重不同调整领域罚款数额设定方式的恰当选择,相对节制单一方式的使用,彻底杜绝概括式设定方法,追求“社会正义、罚以当过、足以制裁”的规制目的和“便捷可行、灵活运用、适度裁量”的执行需求之间的平衡。

In the administrative punishment, the feasibility and workability of forfeit institution largely rely on the proper selection and scientific combination of the way of formulation to the forfeit amount. Each type of formulation has its advantages and disadvantages, while sole or combinational use of these types may either double the advantages or accrete the flaws. Through the case- study of the forfeit amount formulated in Shanghai local government regulations, we conclude that the future related legisla tions shall make proper selection of the way of formulation to forfeit amount in different fields, basing on the accurate evaluation of advantages and disadvantages of each type of formulation.