标本因素对麻疹病毒分离率的影响

Analysis on the Influences of Samples Factor to Measles Viruses Isolation Rate

目的 探讨不同的标本、不同的标本采集时间对麻疹病毒分离率的影响。方法 采用B95a细胞培养法分离麻疹病毒，用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对分离出的麻疹病毒进行鉴定。结果 对天津市2003-2004年采集的8份咽拭子和37份尿液标本进行了麻疹病毒检测。从8份咽拭子中分离到7株麻疹病毒，分离率为87．5％；从37份尿液中分离到8株麻疹病毒，分离率为21．6％。咽拭子麻疹病毒的分离率高出尿液3倍；出疹后4d之内可以从咽拭子中检出麻疹病毒；出疹后3d之内可以从尿液中检出麻疹病毒。结论 为提高麻疹病毒的分离率应首先采集病人的咽拭子标本，标本采集以出疹4d内为宜。

Objective To investigate influences of isolation rates of measles viruses from different kinds of samples collecting at different time. Methods Measles viruses were isolated using B95a cell line and then identified through RT-PCR. Results Eight throat swabs and 37 urine specimens during 2003-2004 in Tianjin were detected. Seven strains of measles viruses were isolated from throat swab specimens, the isolation rate was 87.5 % while 8 strains of measles viruses were isolated from urine specimens, the isolation rate was 21.6 %. The isolation rate of throat swab specimens was 3 times higher than that of urine. Measles viruses could be detected from throat swab specimens within 4 days after rash and from urine within 3 days. Conclusion To increase the isolation rate of measles viruses, the throat swab specimens is better than the urine. It is recommended that the specimens should be collected within 4 days after rash.