聊城市1999~2004年麻疹监测分析

Analysis on the Surveillance of Measles From 2001-2004 in Liaocheng City of Shandong Province,China

目的分析山东省聊城市1999~2004年麻疹疫情现状,为制订加速控制和消除麻疹策略提供依据。方法利用麻疹监测系统资料进行麻疹流行病学特征及其影响因素的分析。结果聊城市1999~2004年共报告麻疹314例,年平均发病率0.94/10万。麻疹发病在不同县(市、区)存在差异,发病高峰在4~7月,以≤15岁人群为主;散发和局部爆发并存,爆发病例数占总发病数的26.11%,以小学生和大学生为主。麻疹发病主要与麻疹疫苗(MV)常规免疫接种率低和麻疹监测系统监测质量不高有关。结论重点加强薄弱地区MV常规免疫工作,适时开展MV强化免疫,提高免疫覆盖率,消除免疫空白,健全麻疹监测系统,提高监测质量,加速控制和消除麻疹。

Objective To analyze the surveillance of measles from 1999-2004 in Liaocheng City of Shandong Province and provide evidence for the strategies on measles elimination in the future. Methods The surveillance of measles by the special measles surveillance system was u^d for the analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and its epidemic factors. Results 314 measles cases were reported with the yearly average incidence rate of 0.94/100 000 from 1999-2004 in Liaocheng City. There were significant differences of the measles incidence among counties of the City. The peak of onset was occurred from April to July. Mast cases were found among children under 15 year-old. The sporadic epidemic at the city level and outbreak with 26.11% of the total measles cases in some counties existed at the same time.The pupils and college students were the high-risk age groups for the measles outbreaks. It showed that the onsets of measles were related with the low coverage rate of the routine immunization for measles vaccine and the poor quality of measles surveillance at the grass roots. Conclusions The measles surveillance system should be further improved especially for the surveillance quali ty at the grass roots. To get the high coverage rate of measles vaccine and accelerate measles control, the EPI routine immunization in some weak and hard areas should be enhanced and the supplemental immunization activities of measles vaccine should be availably carried out at the suitable time.