一起流行性腮腺炎爆发的血清学诊断和基因型别鉴定

Serological Diagnosis and Genotyping Identification on Mumps Viral Meningitis Outbreak

目的 对一起流行性腮腺炎（腮腺炎）爆发进行血清学证实，鉴定引起病毒性脑膜炎的腮腺炎病毒基因型别。方法 用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测临床诊断为腮腺炎患儿的血清和脑膜炎病人脑脊液（CSF）标本中的IgM抗体；从脑膜炎病人CSF标本中提取核糖核酸（RNA），用逆转录套式聚合酶链反应（RT-Nest-PCR）方法扩增病毒小疏水蛋白（SH）基因255个核苷酸片段；序列测定结果与GenBank的8个基因型代表株做亲缘性关系树分析。结果 15份血清中11份腮腺炎IgM阳性，5份CSF中2份IgM阳性。5份CSF标本中2份PCR扩增产物阳性。SH基因序列测定和分析表明该2株病毒为F基因型，与1995～1996年中国流行的腮腺炎野病毒基因型一致。结论 此次疫情是由F基因型腮腺炎病毒引起的腮腺炎爆发，部分病例合并有病毒性脑膜炎。

Objective To confirm an epidemic mumps outbreak by serology diagnosis and identify its genotype. Methods To detect IgM antibodies from serum and Cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） collected from patients who were diagnosed mumps and some of them infected meningitis; the RNA extracted from CSF of patients who infected viral meningitis and a reverse transcriptase nested polymerase chain reaction （PCR） was developed to sequence the 255 nucleotide of the small hydrophobic （SH） gene of mumps virus. Making the phlyogenetic tree of positive sequence with representative strains of 8 genotype. Results 11 of 15 sera lgM were positive and 2 of 5 CSF IgM were positive by ELISA method. Two of 5 CSF samples were positive results though PCR amplication. The sequence analysis of 255 nucleotide indicates that 2 isolated strains belong to F genotype which had been circulated in China between 1995 - 1996. Conclusion The viral meningitis outbreak caused by mumps virus has been confirmed by serology and molecular biology methods. The genotyping result indicates that F genotype is still circulating in China.