低能电子与第二周期元素原子碰撞截面的理论计算

Calculation of Scattering Cross Section of the Electron and the Second Period Element Atom

作者采用等效势方法讨论了电子被原子散射的物理模型.入射电子在原子有效势场中运动的势能可以表示成静电势能Vo(r)、极化势能Vp(r)和交换势能Ve(r)之和.作者考虑到入射电子波的畸变,利用修正的极化势截断函数得到了入射电子与靶原子相互作用的解析势能函数,并进一步编程计算了电子与第Ⅱ周期元素原子散射的总截面和动量转移截面,其结果与已有的实验和计算结果符合得较好,并得到了截面与原子序数的一些变化关系.

A model, which is called optical potential model of physics, for the scattering of electron by atomic oxygen, is discussed. The potential of the incident electron V（r）, under the potential field of the target atom, can be presented by the sum of the static potential Vo（r）, the polarization potential Vp（r） and the exchange potential Ve（r）. Taking account of the distortion of the incident electron wave and using the modified cutting function of polarization potential, a analytic potential function for the interaction of the incident electron with the target atom is derived. The total and momentum transfer cross sections are computed for the electron scattering from the atomic in the second period of the periodic table. The results are in agreement with the experiments and calculation of others. Some variety relations between the cross section and the atomic number are educed.