盐胁迫下外生菌根真菌对油松生长及生理的影响

Effect of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Physiology of Pinus tabulaeformis Seedlings Under Saline Stress

采用2种不同的外生菌根真菌Boletusedulis和Xerocomuschrysenteron,在施钠盐量分别为0、0.06、0.12和0.24mol.L-1的盆栽条件下,研究了外生菌根真菌对油松生长发育、细胞质膜透性、根系活力、水分利用等方面的影响。结果表明,在不同的钠处理水平下,与未接种相比,菌根促进了油松幼苗的生长,提高了油松的生物量干重,增长率分别为25.55%、30.96%、61.86%和15.62%、3.06%、17.04%;不同钠盐水平下菌根油松幼苗细胞质膜透性没有发生明显变化,但是接种B.edulis和X.chrysenteron2种菌根真菌对植物细胞质膜透性的影响方式存在差异,随着盐处理浓度的升高,B.edulis菌根植物细胞质膜透性比逐渐增加,而X.chrysenteron菌根植物细胞质膜透性比几乎没有变化;菌根油松幼苗对水分吸收及利用的能力有增强的趋势,相对缺水率有所降低;菌根油松幼苗根系伤流量较非菌根幼苗明显增加,并达到显著水平,其中B.edulis菌根植物分别是非菌根植物的1.10、1.24和1.23倍,X.chrysenteron菌根植物分别比非菌根植物增加了2.85%、10.48%和7.48%。由此认为,接种外生菌根真菌后,菌根通过增强油松苗木细胞质膜的稳定性,提高植物根系的活力,增强植物对水分的利用能力,提高了油松幼苗的耐盐能力。

Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings were grown in pots under different Na levels （0.06 mol.L^-1, 0.12 mol.L^-1 and 0.24 mol· L^-1）. The seedlings were inoculated with or non-ectomycorrhizal fungi （Boletus edulis and Xerocomus chrysenteron）. Through analyzing the growth and physiological characteristics of ectomycorrhizal Pinus tabulaeformis, the result showed： in contrast with non-mycorrhizal seedlings, at different Na levels, ectomycorrhiza promoted the growth of seedlings and improved the dry weight by 25.55%, 30.96%, 61.86% and 15.62%, 3.06%, 17.04% respectively; and there were no significant differences in the membrane permeability of ectomycorrhizal seedlings, but the ways of influencing the membrane permeability by two ectomycorrhizal fungi were different, the membrane permeability of B. edulis ectomycorrhizal seedlings increased gradually while little difference in the X. chrysenteron ectomycorrhizal seedlings was found with the Na levels increasing; the abilities of absorbing water by ectomycorrhizal seedlings were enhanced with reduced relative ratios of lacking water;, the bleeding amount of ectomycorrhizal seedlings increased significantly contrasted with non-mycorrhizal seedlings, being 1.10,1.24 and 1.23 times of non-mycorrhizal ones for the B. edulis ectomycorrhizal seedlings respectively, and increasing by 2.85%, 10.48% and 7.48% for the X. chrysenteron ectomycorrhizal seedlings. So mycorrhizae could improve the stability of the membrane permeability, enhance the energy of root system of ectomycorrhizal plants, increase the absorption of water and alleviate the physiological drought to promote the seedlings growth under salt stress.