生物转化中新酶应用研究的最新进展

Recent Advances in New Enzymes Used in Biotransformations

目前,在生物转化中出现了越来越多与传统工艺大不相同的新工艺,特别是生物酶在生物转化中的应用。硫酸酯酶可以立体选择性和对映体选择性地催化水解仲烷基硫酸酯,并通过改变其构象从而产生纯手性的化合物;卤代醇脱卤酶可以催化多种非天然亲核性底物;在水介质中,裂解酶可以催化偶姻或苯偶姻反应从而产生非对称的碳-碳键;最近还出现了用酶催化生产纯手性α-L-氨基酸的新方法。

Several novel bioprocesses that have little or no counterpart in traditional methodology have recently been reported,especially when enzymes was used in biotransformation. The stereoselective and enantioselective hydrolysis of sec-alkyl sulfate esters by alkyl sulfatases proceeds with inversion of configuration and furnishes a homochiral product mixture. Haloalcohol deh^logenases were shown to accept various non-natural nucleophiles. Asymmetric carbon,carbon bond formation via the acyloin- and benzoin-reaction was uccessfully catalyzed in water by novel lyases. New methods for the production of chiral nonracemic a-L-amino acids and amines were recently reported.